The events of June and November 1984 have left a deep and lasting impact on the Sikh community. Contemporary writings and official accounts, including those by former Punjab Civil Services officer A. R. Darshi, suggest that the tragic events of November ’84 were pre-planned under the codename “Operation Shanti.” A. R. Darshi referred to this as “Operation Gen-o+cide” in his book The Gallant Defender.
In this exclusive interview, journalist Mandeep Singh speaks with Parmjeet Singh Gazi, editor of Sikh Siyasat, to analyze multiple dimensions of November ’84 — from historical narratives to the findings discussed during the 17th Bi-annual Meeting of the International Association of G-eno+cide Scholars (IAGS 2025) held in Johannesburg, South Africa.
Listen to this insightful discussion and share it with others.
